Ubuzima bwibikoresho bya elegitoroniki
Biragoye kwerekana agaciro nyako k'ubuzima bw'igikoresho runaka cya elegitoroniki mbere yo kunanirwa, icyakora, nyuma yo kunanirwa kw'itsinda ry'ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki bisobanuwe, ibintu byinshi biranga ubuzima biranga ubwizerwe birashobora kuboneka, nk'ubuzima busanzwe , ubuzima bwizewe, ubuzima bwo hagati buranga ubuzima, nibindi.
(1) Impuzandengo yubuzima μ: bivuga ubuzima busanzwe bwicyiciro cyibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.
(2) Ubuzima bwizewe T: bivuga igihe cyakazi cyabayeho mugihe ubwizerwe R (t) bwicyiciro cyibikoresho bya elegitoronike bigabanuka kuri y.
(3) Ubuzima bwo hagati: bivuga ubuzima bwibicuruzwa mugihe kwizerwa R (t) bizaba 50%.
(4) Ubuzima buranga: bivuga kwizerwa ryibicuruzwa R (t) byagabanijwe kugeza
1 / e isaha yubuzima.
4.2, ubuzima bwa LED
Niba udatekereza kunanirwa kw'amashanyarazi no gutwara, ubuzima bwa LED bugaragarira mu kwangirika kwayo, ni ukuvuga, uko ibihe bigenda bisimburana, umucyo uhinduka umwijima kandi ukaba umwijima kugeza amaherezo uzimye. Mubisanzwe bisobanurwa kubora 30% yigihe nkubuzima bwayo.
4.2.1 Kwangirika kwurumuri rwa LED
LED nyinshi yera iboneka muri fosifori yumuhondo irangwa na LED yubururu. Hariho impamvu zibiri zingenzi zibiteraItarakubora, imwe ni iyangirika ryurumuri rwa LED ubwayo, kwangirika kwurumuri rwa LED yubururu byihuta cyane kuruta umutuku, umuhondo, icyatsi kibisi. Ikindi ni ukubora kworoheje kwa fosifore, kandi kwiyongera kwa fosifore ku bushyuhe bwinshi birakomeye.
Ibirango bitandukanye bya LED kubora kwayo biratandukanye. MubisanzweAbakora LEDirashobora gutanga urumuri rusanzwe rwangirika. Kurugero, urumuri rwangirika rwa Cree muri Amerika rwerekanwe mubishusho 1.
Nkuko bigaragara kuri iyi shusho, kwangirika kwurumuri rwa LED ni 100
Nubushyuhe bwacyo, icyitwa ubushyuhe ni kimwe cya 90
Ubushyuhe bwumuyoboro wa PN, hejuru yubushyuhe bwo hejuru hakiri kare
Hariho kwangirika kworoheje, ni ukuvuga igihe gito ubuzima. Kuva ku gishushanyo cya 80
Nkuko bigaragara, niba ubushyuhe bwihuza ari dogere 105, umucyo ugabanuka kugera kuri 70% yubuzima bwibihumbi icumi gusa 70 Ihuriro Tenpeature (C) 105 185 175 55 45
Amasaha, hari amasaha 20.000 kuri dogere 95, nubushyuhe bwo guhuza
Kugabanuka kugera kuri dogere 75, igihe cyo kubaho ni amasaha 50.000, 50
Igicapo 1. Kwangirika kworoheje kumurongo wa Cree
Iyo ubushyuhe bwihuriro bwiyongereye kuva kuri 115 ° C kugeza kuri 135 ° C, ubuzima buragabanuka kuva kumasaha 50.000 bugera kumasaha 20.000. Kwangirika kw'ibindi bigo bigomba kuboneka kuva muruganda rwambere.
O4.2.2 Urufunguzo rwo kwagura ubuzima: kugabanya ubushyuhe bwarwo
Urufunguzo rwo kugabanya ubushyuhe bwihuza ni ukugira ubushyuhe bwiza. Ubushyuhe butangwa na LED burashobora kurekurwa mugihe gikwiye.
Mubisanzwe LED isudira kuri substrate ya aluminium, hanyuma substrate ya aluminiyumu igashyirwa ku cyuma gihinduranya ubushyuhe, niba ushobora gupima gusa ubushyuhe bwikigereranyo cyo guhinduranya ubushyuhe, noneho ugomba kumenya agaciro kinshi ko kurwanya ubushyuhe kugirango ubare ihuriro. ubushyuhe. Harimo Rjc (ihuriro ryamazu), Rcm (amazu kuri substrate ya aluminium, mubyukuri, igomba no gushiramo imbaraga zo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwa firime yacapwe), Rms (aluminium substrate kuri radiator), Rsa (radiator to air), ibyo igihe cyose hari amakuru adahwitse azagira ingaruka kubizamini.
Igishushanyo cya 3 cyerekana igishushanyo mbonera cya buri cyuma gishyuha kiva kuri LED kugera kuri radiatori, aho imbaraga nyinshi zirwanya ubushyuhe, bigatuma ukuri kwacyo kugarukira. Nukuvuga ko ubunyangamugayo bwo gutandukanya ubushyuhe buva mubushuhe bwapimwe ubushyuhe bwapimye ubushyuhe burarenze.
Coefficient yubushyuhe bwa volt-ampere iranga O LED
O Turabizi ko LED ari diode ya semiconductor, imwe, nka diode zose
Ifite volt-ampere iranga, ifite ubushyuhe buranga. Ikiranga nuko iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse, volt-ampere iranga ibumoso. Igishushanyo cya 4 cyerekana ubushyuhe buranga LED ya volt-ampere iranga.
Dufashe ko LED itangwa hamwe nigihe gihoraho dore ko, voltage ni V1 mugihe ubushyuhe bwihuza ari T1, kandi iyo ubushyuhe bwihuza bwiyongereye kuri T2, volt-ampere yose iranga ibumoso, lo iriho ntigihinduka, kandi voltage iba V2. Itandukaniro rya voltage ebyiri ikurwaho nubushyuhe kugirango ibone coefficient yubushyuhe, igaragara muri mvic. Kuri diode isanzwe ya silicon iyi coefficient yubushyuhe ni -2 mvic.
Nigute ushobora gupima ubushyuhe bwa LED?
LED yashyizwe muguhindura ubushyuhe kandi disiki ihoraho ikoreshwa nkumuriro w'amashanyarazi. Mugihe kimwe, insinga ebyiri zahujwe na LED zishushanyije. Huza metero ya voltage nibisohoka (pole nziza na negative ya LED) mbere yuko amashanyarazi yaka, Noneho fungura amashanyarazi, mugihe LED itarashyuha, hita usoma isomwa rya voltmeter, bihwanye ku gaciro ka V1, hanyuma utegereze byibuze isaha 1, bityo igeze kuringaniza yumuriro, hanyuma wongere upime, voltage kumpande zombi za LED ihwanye na V2. Kuramo izi ndangagaciro zombi kugirango ubone itandukaniro. Kuraho kuri 4mV urashobora kubona ubushyuhe bwihuza. Mubyukuri, LED ahanini ni urukurikirane rwinshi hanyuma ikagereranywa, ntacyo bitwaye, noneho itandukaniro rya voltage rigizwe nuruhererekane rwinshi rwa LED umusanzu rusange, kugirango ugabanye itandukaniro rya voltage numubare wurukurikirane LED kugirango ugabanye na 4mV, urashobora kubona ubushyuhe bwayo.
4.3,Itaraubuzima bushingiye
Ubuzima bwa LED bushobora kugera kumasaha 1000000?
Uru ni urwego rwisumbuyeho rwa LED rwerekana amakuru, usibye imipaka imwe (ni ukuvuga ibihe byiza) munsi yamakuru, na LED mugukoresha nyabyo ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka mubuzima bwayo,
hari ibintu bine bikurikira:
1, chip
2, paki
3, igishushanyo mbonera
4.3.1. Chip
Mu gihe cyo gukora LED, ubuzima bwa LED buzagira ingaruka ku ihumana ry’indi myanda ndetse no kudatungana kwa kasitori. O4.3.2. Gupakira
Niba gupakira nyuma yuburyo bwa LED bifite ishingiro nabyo ni kimwe mubintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka kubuzima bwamatara ya LED. Kugeza ubu, amasosiyete akomeye ku isi nka cree, lumilends, nichia n’izindi nzego zo hejuru zapakira LED zifite uburinzi bwa patenti, aya masosiyete nyuma yuburyo bwo gupakira ibintu biri murwego rwo hejuru, ubuzima bwa LED bityo bikaba byizewe.
Kugeza ubu, ibigo byinshi bifite kwigana LED nyuma yo gupakira ibintu, bishobora kugaragara uhereye ku isura, ariko imiterere yimikorere nuburyo bwiza ni bibi, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubuzima bwa LED;
Igishushanyo mbonera
Inzira ngufi yo kohereza ubushyuhe, kugabanya ubukana bwo gutwara ubushyuhe; Ongera ahantu ho gutwarira no kongera umuvuduko wo kohereza ubushyuhe; Kubara neza no gushushanya ahantu hashyuha ubushyuhe; Gukoresha neza ingufu zubushyuhe.
4.3.3. Luminaire
Niba igishushanyo mbonera gifite ishingiro nacyo nikibazo cyingenzi kigira ingaruka kubuzima bwamatara ya LED. Igishushanyo mbonera cyamatara usibye kuzuza ibindi bipimo byerekana itara, icyangombwa gisabwa ni ugusohora ubushyuhe butangwa mugihe LED yaka, ni ukuvuga gukoresha ibicuruzwa byiza bya LED byujuje ubuziranenge bya Cree nandi masosiyete, bikoreshwa mumatara atandukanye. , LED ubuzima burashobora gutandukana inshuro nyinshi cyangwa inshuro nyinshi. Kurugero, hariho kugurisha amatara yumucyo uhuriweho kumasoko (imwe 30W, 50W, 100W), kandi gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa ntabwo byoroshye. Nkigisubizo, ibicuruzwa bimwe mumucyo wamezi 1 kugeza kuri 3 kuburumuri bwumuriro urenga 50%, ibicuruzwa bimwe bikoresha hafi 0.07W yumuriro muto, kuko ntaburyo bwogukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwihuse, bigatuma urumuri rwangirika vuba. , ndetse na politiki yo mumijyi iteza imbere, ibisubizo bikora urwenya. Ibicuruzwa bifite ibintu bike bya tekiniki, igiciro gito nubuzima bugufi;
4.4.4. Amashanyarazi
Niba amashanyarazi yamatara arumvikana. LED nigikoresho kigezweho, niba ihindagurika ryingufu ari nini, cyangwa inshuro ya power tip pulse ni ndende, bizagira ingaruka kubuzima bwumucyo wa LED. Ubuzima bwo gutanga amashanyarazi ubwabwo buterwa ahanini n’uko igishushanyo mbonera cy’amashanyarazi gifite ishingiro, kandi hashingiwe ku gishushanyo mbonera cy’amashanyarazi gikwiye, ubuzima bw’amashanyarazi buterwa nubuzima bwibigize.
Kugeza ubu, LED zikoreshwa cyane mubice bitatu byingenzi:
1) Kwerekana: nk'amatara yerekana, amatara, amatara yo kuburira, kwerekana ecran, nibindi.
Amatara: itara, itara ryabacukuzi, itara ryerekezo, itara ryabafasha, nibindi.
3) Imirasire ikora: nko gusesengura ibinyabuzima, gufotora, gukiza urumuri, gucana ibimera, nibindi.
Ibipimo nyamukuru byo gupima imikorere yifoto ya LED irerekanwa mumeza 1.
| Imikorere y'imirasire | Imikorere Yerekana Kumurika Imikorere Imirasire | gukwirakwiza | Imirasire ikora |
|
| Luminance cyangwa luminous ubukana bwa optique, inguni ya beam nuburemere bwurumuri | ibara risanzwe, ibara ryera hamwe nuburebure bwumurambararo wa luminous flux (effic luminous flux), imikorere yumucyo (lm / W), ubukana bwurumuri rwagati, urumuri rumuri, gukwirakwiza urumuri, guhuza ibara, ubushyuhe bwamabara, ibara ryerekana amabara meza, imirasire ikora neza, gukwirakwiza imirasire, uburebure bwo hagati, uburebure bwumurambararo, umurongo mwinshi | ikigezweho, icyerekezo kimwe cyo gusenyuka voltage, kugaruka kumashanyarazi Photobiosafety retinal ubururu agaciro kumurika agaciro, ijisho hafi ya ultraviolet hazard kwerekana agaciro |
Amashanyarazi ni iki?
Umubare wuzuye woherejwe nisoko yumucyo mugihe cyibice byitwa luminous flux, bigaragazwa na Φ
Ibice ni lumens (lm)
1w (uburebure bwa 555 nm) = 683lumens
Luminous flux ya bimwe mubisanzwe bitanga urumuri:
Amatara yamagare: 3W 30lm
Itara ryera: 75W 900lm
Itara rya Fluorescent “TL” D 58W 5200lm
Imiterere yumucyo isabwa na LED kumurika
Ibipimo bine by'ibanze byo kumurika
Kumurika ni iki?
Luminous flux ibyabaye kumwanya wigice cyikintu kimurikirwa ni kumurika.
Byerekanwa na E. ln lux (lx = lm / m2)
Illuminance ntabwo yigenga icyerekezo aho luminous flux ibera hejuru
Mubisanzwe murugo no hanze kumurika urwego
Imyanya itandukanye ku zuba saa sita
Nigute dushobora gupima urumuri? Bapimye iki?
1. Inkomoko yumucyo
2. Opaquescreen
3. Photocell
4. Imirasire yoroheje (igaragara rimwe)
5. Imirasire yoroheje (igaragara kabiri)
Umucyo mwinshi: icyerekezo cyo gushakisha fotometero (nkishusho)
Kumurika: illuminometero (ishusho)
Umucyo: metero yamurika (ishusho)
5.2, ubushyuhe bwamabara hamwe nibara ryerekana isoko yumucyo
I. Ubushyuhe bw'amabara
Umubiri usanzwe wumukara urashyuha (nka tungsten filament mumatara yaka), kandi ibara ryumubiri wumukara ritangira guhinduka buhoro buhoro umutuku wijimye - umutuku wijimye - orange - umuhondo - umweru - ubururu uko ubushyuhe buzamuka. Iyo ibara ryurumuri rutangwa nisoko yumucyo ni kimwe nibara ryumukara usanzwe mubushyuhe runaka, twita ubushyuhe bwuzuye bwumwirabura muricyo gihe ubushyuhe bwamabara yinkomoko yumucyo.
Ubushyuhe K bugaragazwa. Ibara shingiro
Nkuko bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe:
Ubushyuhe bwamabara busanzwe:
| Ubushyuhe bw'amabara | Yamazaki | Ingaruka zo mu kirere | Tricolor fluorescence |
| Kurenza 5000k | Ubukonje bwera | Ibyiyumvo bikonje | Itara rya mercure |
| 3300-5000k abut | Hagati yegereye urumuri rusanzwe | Nta ngaruka zigaragara zo mumitekerereze | Ibara rya fluorescence |
| 3300k munsi | Shyushya cyera n'indabyo za orange | Ibyiyumvo bisusurutse | Itara ryiyongera quartz halogen |
Guhindura amabara
Urwego rwumucyo uturuka kumabara yikintu ubwacyo cyitwa ibara ryerekana, ni ukuvuga, urwego rwibara ryubuzima, inkomoko yumucyo hamwe nibara ryinshi ryerekana amabara meza, ibara tubona ryegereye ibara risanzwe, isoko yumucyo hamwe namabara make yo gutanga ni mabi mukubyara amabara, kandi gutandukana kwamabara tubona nabyo ni binini, bigereranywa nindangagaciro yo gutanga amabara (Ra).
Komite mpuzamahanga yo kumurika CIE ishyiraho ibara ryizuba ryizuba kuri 100. urutonde rwamabara yubwoko bwose bwumucyo ni kimwe.
Kurugero, ibara ryerekana ibara ryumuvuduko mwinshi sodium itara ni Ra = 23, naho ibara ryerekana itara rya fluorescent ni Ra = 60-90. Kwegera ibara ryerekana amabara ni 100, nibyiza gutanga amabara.
Nkuko bigaragara hano: ingaruka zibintu bifite ibimenyetso bitandukanye byamabara:
Guhindura amabara no kumurika
Ibara ryerekana ibara ryumucyo hamwe na kumurika bigena neza neza ibidukikije. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko hari uburinganire hagati yo kumurika no kwerekana amabara: kumurika ibiro ukoresheje itara rifite icyerekezo cyerekana amabara Ra> 90 nibyiza kuruta gucana ibiro hamwe n’itara rifite icyerekezo gito cyerekana amabara (Ra <60) muri amagambo yo kunyurwa nigaragara.
Impamyabumenyi irashobora kugabanuka kurenza 25%.
Inkomoko yumucyo hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwo gutanga amabara hamwe nubushobozi buhanitse bugomba gutoranywa uko bishoboka, kandi kumurika bikwiye gukoreshwa kugirango ubone icyerekezo cyiza hamwe nigiciro gito cyingufu.
Ingaruka yo kugaragara.
Kurugero itara ryatsindiye LED Itara ryameza
Iri tara rigezweho rifite ibikoresho bya USB Type-C kugirango bitange uburambe kandi bwihuse bwo kwishyuza. Kimwe mu bintu bigaragara muri iri tara ni bateri ikomeye ya 3600mAh, itanga urumuri rurerure. Hamwe nigihe cyakazi cyamasaha 8-16, urashobora kwiringira itara kugirango uherekeze kumanywa nijoro. Kandi dukesha gukoraho gukoraho, guhindura urumuri kugirango uhuze nibyo ukunda biroroshye nko guhanagura urutoki.Ni iki gishyiraho LEDitara ryamezagutandukana nigikorwa cyayo cya IP44. Igihe cyo kwishyuza ni akayaga, bifata amasaha 4-6 gusa kugirango wishyure byuzuye. Ukoresheje ibyoroshye bya USB Type-C, urashobora kwishyuza byoroshye iri tara hamwe nibikoresho bitandukanye, ukemeza ko bihindagurika kandi bigakoreshwa nta kibazo. Hamwe ninjiza 110-200V nibisohoka 5V 1A, iri tara rirakora neza kandi ryizewe.
| Izina ry'ibicuruzwa: | itara ryameza ya resitora |
| Ibikoresho: | Ibyuma + Aluminium |
| Ikoreshwa ： | umugozi utishyurwa |
| Inkomoko y'umucyo ： | 3W |
| Hindura ： | Gukoraho |
| Batteri: | 3600MAH (2 * 1800) |
| Ibara: | Umukara, Umweru |
| Imiterere ： | bigezweho |
| Igihe cy'akazi ： | Amasaha 8-16 |
| Amashanyarazi ： | IP44 |
Ibiranga:
Itara Ingano: 100 * 380MM
Batteri: 3600mAh
2700K 3W
IP44
Igihe cyo kwishyuza: amasaha 4-6
Igihe cyo gukora: amasaha 8-16
Hindura: gukoraho
lninjiza 110-200V nibisohoka 5V 1A
