Mu gushushanya,amataran'amatara nikintu cyingirakamaro, ntabwo arikintu cyo gushushanya cyane, ahubwo nikintu cyibanze gikenewe mubuzima.
Icya mbere, twe igitekerezo cyibanze cyo kumurika ibihimbano
Kuganira kubyerekeye ibihimbanokumurika, tugomba mbere na mbere gusobanukirwa amahame shingiro yumucyo:
Luminous flux: imbaraga zirabagirana ijisho ryumuntu rishobora kubona. Igiteranyo cyibicuruzwa byingufu zaka za buri bande hamwe no kugereranya kugaragara kwitsinda. Ikimenyetso cyibice ni lm.
Kumurika: Ibyabaye kuri luminous flux density hejuru, ikimenyetso ni lx.
Itara rimurika rya 40W itara ryaka ni 340 lm; urumuri rutara rwa 40W itara rya fluorescent ni 1700-1900 lm.
Hariho inzira ebyiri zo gushiraho urugogucana amatara:
1. Shiraho gahunda ebyiri ukurikije itara rusange nibihe bidasanzwe. Kurugero, itara rito kandi ryakaitara ryamezazikoreshwa mu cyumba cyo kwigiramo.
2. Shiraho gahunda ukurikije ibihe bidasanzwe: kurugero, itara rimwe gusa ryashyizwe mubyumba byo kwigiramo.
Itsinda rya mbere ryibisubizo hejuru ni amahitamo meza. Mbere ya byose, ukurikije ibihe bitandukanye, hitamo urumuri rutandukanye, rufasha kurinda amaso no kwirinda kwangirika kwamaso yatewe nurumuri rurerure cyane cyangwa rukomeye. Ku rundi ruhande, ni byiza kuzigama amashanyarazi, bityo ukazigama amafaranga.
Icya kabiri, guhitamo amatara
1. Uburyo bw'amatara n'amatara
1) Mbere ya byose, ugomba kugura amatara ukurikije uburyo bwawe butandukanye. Kurugero, muburyo bugezweho, birakwiye guhitamo amatara amwe hamwe nicyuma kidafite ingese hamwe nikirahure gikonje. Kuburyo bwa gakondo bwuburayi na Amerika, birakwiye guhitamo amatara amwe nkumurongo wa Rococo na tonier metallic.
2) Mugihe bishoboka, ibikoresho byo kumurika mubyumba, icyumba cyo kuriramo ndetse nicyumba cyo kuraramo bigomba kuba bishushanyije. Ukurikije uburambe bwumwanditsi, ibi birashoboka. Ubundi buryo ni ugukomeza uburyo bumwe mubyumba no kuriramo, hanyuma ugakoresha ubundi buryo bwamatara mubyumba.
3) Amatara adafite amazi arashobora gukoreshwa kumatara mumusarani no mugikoni. Mubisanzwe, ntugomba kwitondera cyane imiterere, kandi icyingenzi nukuba ingirakamaro.
2. Ubwoko bw'amatara
Amatara yo murugo muri iki gihe agabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri: amatara yaka n'amatara azigama ingufu. Amatara yaka cyane akora ku ihame ryo gushyushya ibintu bya tungsten cyangwa izindi nsinga z'icyuma, kandi ibara ry'itara ni umuhondo (ibara ry'izuba). Amatara azigama ingufu akora ku ihame ryo gusohora gaze. Izina ryayo tekinike ni amatara ya fluorescent. Usibye umweru (urumuri rukonje), ubu hariho umuhondo (urumuri rushyushye). Muri rusange, munsi ya wattage imwe, itara rizigama ingufu rishobora kuzigama ingufu 80% kuruta itara ryaka, ryongerera ubuzima inshuro 8, hamwe nimirasire yubushyuhe 20% gusa. Mugihe kitari gikaze, urumuri ruzigama ingufu za watt 5 rushobora gufatwa nkurwo rumuri rwa watt 25 rwaka, urumuri ruzigama ingufu za watt 7 rungana na watt 40, hamwe na 9 watt urumuri rungana na watt 60.
Nyamara, ibicuruzwa bimwe kumasoko kuri ubu biri kuruhande rwo hejuru hamwe nibiciro biri hejuru ugereranije nubuziranenge. Niba badatoranijwe neza, ikibazo cyo "kuzigama ingufu ariko ntuzigame amafaranga" gikunze kubaho.
Ikindi ugomba kumenya ni uko amatara asanzwe azigama ingufu adashobora gucanwa, bityo hashobora gukoreshwa gusa ibisanzwe bisanzwe. Ntuzigere ukoresha isaha isa na dimmer kugirango ugenzure amatara azigama ingufu. Icyakora, nk'uko amakuru abitangaza, ibihugu by’amahanga byateje amatara azigama ingufu zishobora gucika intege, ariko umwanditsi ntiyigeze abona ayo matara azigama ingufu ku isoko igihe inyandiko yandikishijwe intoki yarangiraga.
Icya gatatu, kugura amatara
Kugura amatara birarambiranye. Mbere yo kugura, ugomba gushyushya ijosi rwose ugahindura umutwe ukurikije uburyo bwa gymnastique ya radio twize tukiri bato. Bitabaye ibyo, ugomba kwitotomba mugihe ugarutse nyuma yo kugura itara. Mugihe ugura amatara, ugomba kureba byinshi, nibyiza guhitamo isoko yumwuga yamatara. Amaduka menshi akora gusa muburyo bwa bake bakora ibicuruzwa, bityo kureba byinshi ninzira yonyine. Ku isoko ryumwuga ryamatara namatara, kubera kwibanda kumisusire, iragukiza ibibazo, imbaraga nimbaraga, kandi igiciro nacyo kiragereranywa.
Icya kane, gushiraho amatara adasanzwe
Kwishyiriraho bidasanzwe amatara yo murugo ni igice cyo hejuru. Abantu benshi bakunda gushyira amatara yakwirakwijwe mu mwijima, ariko ntabwo abantu bose bashobora kuyashyiraho neza. Amayeri ni:
1. Iherezo rirangira. Amatara ya Fluorescent agomba gushyirwaho umwe umwe. Kubera ko udakunze gukoresha amatara akwirakwijwe, ntukumve nabi.
2. Umwanya muremure wumuyoboro wamatara uri kurwego rumwe nuruhande rwikariso yumucyo wikariso yerekana icyitegererezo.
3. Umuyoboro muto muto (itara rya fluorescent) urashobora gukoreshwa ahantu hamwe na arc, ntabwo ari nini.
4. Ibara ryurumuri rishobora kuba umweru, umuhondo nubururu (umutuku). Ntukoreshe andi mabara, cyane cyane umutuku n'icyatsi. Iyambere ni ahantu hateye porunogarafiya, naho iyanyuma yabaye ahantu hateye ubwoba.